Effect of Pruning Intensity on Leaf Tissue Micronutrient Status in Three Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Cultivars under High Density Planting

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of pruning on leaf micro nutrient (Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn) status in nonfloral and floral shoots of three mango cultivars ('Amrapali', 'Mallika' and 'Dashehari') under high density planting during 2005-2007. All the three cultivars differed significantly in Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn content in leaves of non- floral as well as floral shoots. Pruning showed marked influence only on Cu and Zn content in the leaves of non- floral and floral shoots. Leaf nutrient status in terms of Fe and Mn also varied in cultivars irrespective of pruning intensity, and pruning did not have significant impact on Fe and Mn status in leaf tissue. Non-floral shoots had greater concentration of Cu and Zn than floral shoots in both the years of experiment. Highest Cu, Fe and Mn content was recorded in 'Mallika' mango, while, Zn content was highest in 'Dashehari' mango. Severe pruning (90 cm from apex) improved Cu and Zn content in leaves of non-floral shoots as well as floral shoots. The lowest amount of Cu and Mn was noted in 'Dashehari' leaves, while, 'Amrapali' had the lowest Zn and Fe content in both non-floral and floral shoots. Severely pruned 'Mallika' trees registered the highest amount of Cu, while lightly pruned 'Dashehari' trees had highest Zn content in their floral and non-floral leaves. Moderate pruning in' Mallika' enhanced Mn content in leave of non-floral and floral shoots. No-pruning in 'Dashehari' trees led to lower Cu content but Zn content was the least in lightly pruned 'Amrapali' trees. Severe pruning in 'Dashehari' trees drastically reduced Mn content. Thus, severe pruning in old mango trees may be advisable to improve micronutrient status in floral and non floral shoots

The study of multifragmentation around transition energy in intermediate energy heavy-ion collisions

Fragmentation of light charged particles is studied for various systems at different incident energies between 50 and 1000 MeV/nucleon. We analyze fragment production at incident energies above, below and at transition energies using the isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamics(IQMD) model. The trends observed for the fragment production and rapidity distributions depend upon the incident energy, size of the fragments, composite mass of the reacting system as well as on the impact parameter of the reaction. The free nucleons and light charged particles show continous homogeneous changes irrespective of the transition energies indicating that there is no relation between the transition energy and production of the free as well as light charged particles

Energy and momentum of Bianchi Type VI_h Universes

We obtain the energy and momentum of the Bianchi type VI_h universes using different prescriptions for the energy-momentum complexes in the framework of general relativity. The energy and momentum of the Bianchi VI_h universe are found to be zero for the parameter h = -1 of the metric. The vanishing of these results support the conjecture of Tryon that Universe must have a zero net value for all conserved quantities.This also supports the work of Nathan Rosen with the Robertson-Walker metric. Moreover, it raises an interesting question: "Why h=-1 case is so special?

Heat capacity and magnetocaloric effect in polycrystalline Gd1-xSmxMn2Si2

We report the magnetocaloric effect in terms of isothermal magnetic entropy change as well as adiabatic temperature change, calculated using the heat capacity data. Using the zero field heat capacity data, the magnetic contribution to the heat capacity has been estimated. The variations in the magnetocaloric behavior have been explained on the basis of the magnetic structure of these compounds. The refrigerant capacities have also been calculated for these compounds

Multiple magnetic transitions and magnetocaloric effect in Gd1-xSmxMn2Ge2 compounds

Magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of polycrystalline samples of Gd1-xSmxMn2Ge2 have been studied. All the compounds except GdMn2Ge2 show re-entrant ferromagnetic behavior. Multiple magnetic transitions observed in these compounds are explained on the basis of the temperature dependences of the exchange strengths of the rare earth and Mn sublattices. Magnetocaloric effect is found to be positive at the re-entrant ferromagnetic transition, whereas it is negative at the antiferro-ferromagnetic transition. In SmMn2Ge2, the magnetic entropy change associated with the re-entrant transition is found to decrease with field, which is attributed to the admixture effect of the crystal field levels. The isothermal magnetic entropy change is found to decrease with increase in Sm concentration.Comment: